Category: Reading Skills

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Historical Fiction: Unlocking History Through Literature

Young teacher with books and metal key on blue background

For some teenagers, reading is a struggle, and is often the last thing on their to-do list. Kids who once used to love reading have suddenly started seeing books as a burden. Perhaps this happens because of social pressure to see reading as a “nerdy” thing, or maybe they just have less time to read because of busier schedules. Another reason– perhaps the main reason– could be because they simply cannot find a book that interests them. Finding a book or a genre that pulls them in can get tricky. As teachers, we can help our students find engaging, fun to read books to hopefully spark an interest for reading. 

A few weeks ago, I wrote about dystopian novels for teens. If you need suggestions for that genre, you can click here. Today, I’ll share some great historical fiction novels. 

Historical fiction books are books that place fictional characters in real historical events, places, and times. This genre can be really engaging for students who are very into history. There are historical fiction novels written about nearly every big historical event, so there is something for everyone in this genre! Keep reading to learn about a few of them.

Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry by Mildred D. Taylor

Set in Mississippi in the 1930s, Roll of Thunder follows Cassie Logan and her family, who are African-American, as they navigate segregation, racial injustices, and the Great Depression. This book does a wonderful job of painting a picture of what it would have been like for African-American families during the 1930s. Kids of any race can connect with Cassie, who is a spunky, determined little girl. 

  • An excellent read for ages 10+

Between Shades of Gray by Ruta Sepetys

Between Shades takes place in 1941 during WWII in Lithuania and Siberia. Lina is a 15 year old girl who is taken by Soviet officers, along with her family, to a Siberian work camp. Lina is devastated when they are taken to the camp and she is separated from her father. During her time there, Lina uses her art to secretly document her experiences at the camp. This story focuses on resilience, perseverance, and survival, and teaches powerful lessons about the strength of the human spirit. 

  • Recommended for ages 12+

Chains by Laurie Halse Anderson

Isabel is a young slave girl, along with her sister Ruth. When their owner dies, they are sold to a Loyalist couple who mistreats them. Isabel longs for freedom for herself and her sister. Hoping to secure that freedom, Isabel becomes a spy for Patriot forces, enduring horrific mistreatment. Bravery, resilience, and determination are highlighted throughout the novel as Isabel fights for her freedom. The story is powerful and moving, reminding readers that sometimes we must push ourselves beyond what is comfortable to remove the chains that bind us. 

  • Recommended for ages 13+. Chains is the first book in the Seeds of American trilogy.

Mississippi Trial, 1955 by Chris Crowe

This heart-wrenching story follows Hiram Hillburn, a 16 year old white boy who travels to Mississippi to visit his grandpa for the summer. While there, he meets a 14 year old black boy named Emmett Till, who also happens to be visiting family for the summer. Hiram and Emmett become friends as they realize they have a lot in common. Soon, Hiram discovers just how ugly racism is when Emmett is abducted and murdered. His body is found in the river a few days later. Hiram extends his stay so that he can be present for the trial and to offer any help he can in finding justice for Emmett. While this story can be hard to read because of the graphic content, it shares a powerful perspective on the events surrounding Emmett’s death. Hiram must make a decision between keeping the peace with his grandpa or standing up for what is right. 

For students who are interested in this story, Getting Away With Murder by Chris Crowe is a non-fiction book that pairs really well with it.  

  • Recommended for ages 14+

Out of the Dust by Karen Hesse

Written in poems, Out of the Dust follows Billie Jo Kelby, a young girl living in Oklahoma in the 1930s. Billie Jo must face the realities of the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. A fire kills her mother, and leaves Billie Jo’s hands badly scarred. She must navigate the harsh realities of life during this difficult historical time all while grieving the loss of her mother, dealing with her father’s emotional battles, and learning to play the piano again after the fire. The book is set up like a journal, with each entry being a free verse poem. 
Teenagers can connect with Billie Jo as she navigates the difficulties of being a teenager and facing hard things. 

  • Recommended for ages 12+

This is just a small sampling of the amazing historical fiction books that are out there, but hopefully it can provide you with some suggestions to give to a student who is needing a little help finding a book they can get into.

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CVC Easter Eggs

Last week, I shared some fun ways to use Easter eggs in your classroom. Today I have one more idea you can use! 

If you have students who are learning consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words, this activity would be perfect for your kiddos. Using the downloadable file below, students can practice reading and recognizing various CVC words.

There are two pages to the file: the first is the student worksheet, and the second is the teacher page. Teachers, cut out the word strips on the second page, and put each strip into an Easter egg. Give each student a set of eggs with the word strips in them. As they open each egg, they can read the word strip, then glue it on the worksheet under the corresponding picture. 

This download is for personal or classroom use only. Do not resell, repost, or claim as your own. 

CVC Easter EggsDownload
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Book Summaries, But Make Them Relatable

Have you ever read a book so good you couldn’t put it down? You devoured the story line, related with the characters, and could imagine the whole plot in your mind- it was SO good. Then, a week after you finished it, your friend asks you what your favorite part of the book was or what it was about, and you are completely stumped. For the life of you, you cannot remember any details– just a simple plot summary. 

I know I can’t be the only one who has had this kind of thing happen to them. I think that this happens to us as adults because of a few reasons: we’re reading through material fairly quickly, which doesn’t give our brains enough time to fully process and store what we read, we have so many other things competing for mental storage space as adults that the details of a story often get pushed out, or maybe our reading is interrupted. Perhaps one of the biggest reasons this happens is that we subconsciously know we aren’t being tested or graded on what we read like we were when we were in school, so our brains kind of filter out the smaller details, without any real effort from us. When there are higher stakes, we tend to focus on something more intently, and therefore remember more about it. In school, we often ask students to write down things about their reading– because we know it will help them retain information better. 

Giving them an assignment associated with the reading makes them accountable and will help encourage more active reading. But just taking notes on a story sounds kind of boring, if I’m being honest. If we make it relatable and/or engaging, students are more likely to remember and make sense of what they read– and they are more likely to want to participate in the assignment. When students write down information, it creates a mental connection, which helps to cement information in their minds.

I’ve created two different worksheets you can print off and use. Each worksheet uniquely asks students to recall information from their reading, and does so in an engaging way. Feel free to print them off and use them with your classes. Both worksheets would be most effective for students in upper elementary grades or students in middle/junior high.

**Downloads are intended for classroom or personal use only. They are not to be sold, reposted, or claimed as your own.**

Plot SquaresDownload
Character Text ThreadDownload
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Dystopian Novels: A Twisted Take on Reality

Teenagers typically either love to read or really don’t like it at all. A few will tolerate it. For the ones who really don’t enjoy reading all that much, it can sometimes be a struggle to find something that they will enjoy reading, and that will hold their attention for longer than a chapter. Finding a genre that they like can also be tricky. Thankfully, there are a multitude of genre and book options for today’s teens to pick from. One of the most popular genres among today’s youth is dystopian literature– stories that depict societies under terrifying, warped, or otherwise abnormal circumstances. Characters are typically victims of dehumanization, extreme control, and/or nightmarish environmental disasters. 

Main characters in dystopian novels are typically normal teenagers who must face abnormal circumstances. Today’s teens are drawn to that struggle. Dystopian literature has made a recent surge in popularity, providing teens with many options of books to read. Below are a few of my favorites– feel free to share them with students who need a good book to read!

Divergent by Veronica Roth

Divergent is book 1 in a series of books set in a futuristic Chicago, in a society that is divided into five factions. Each faction specializes in certain talents, abilities, or aptitudes. The series follows Beatrice Prior (Tris) as she finds out that she doesn’t fit into any of the factions, and is then labeled as “divergent”. Having a label like this is a dangerous secret. Tris discovers a plan to overthrow the government, leading to self-discovery, a little romance, and a whole lot of rebellion.

  • Recommended for ages 12+

Unwind by Neal Shusterman

Shusterman explores a darker side of dystopian literature in this series of phenomenal books. The story is set in a futuristic America where parents can choose to have their children “unwound” between the ages of 13 and 18. Unwinding essentially means that their bodies are taken apart, piece by piece, with the parts/organs then being used for transplants, all while the teens are still conscious, and was instituted as a way to get around abortion. The series follows Connor, Risa, and Lev as they attempt to run from being unwound, risking their lives and freedom to fight for their right to live.

  • Recommended for ages 14+, as there are some graphic scenes and darker issues addressed.

The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins

Katniss Everdeen is a teen in the city of Panem, a city that requires teenagers to be part of a “reaping” that selects teens to fight to the death. When Katniss’s little sister is chosen in the reaping, Katniss volunteers as tribute and takes her sister’s place. She must then enter the Arena where she will fight against 11 other tributes, hoping to come out the winner. The series explores humanity, survival, and standing up for what is right against a cruel government.

  • Recommended for ages 12+

The Giver by Lois Lowry

Jonas was born into a society that believes that individuality is wrong, pain and suffering are not allowed, love does not exist, memories of the past are to be held by only one person– the Receiver, and citizens cannot choose or think for themselves. When children become an eleven, they are given a job that they will have for the remainder of their lives. Jonas is chosen to be the new Receiver, meaning he will be the one to hold all memories from the past– memories of pain, war, color, sadness, weather, and so on. As he receives these memories, his eyes are opened and he realizes just how wrong his society is. He must decide if he will continue his training or attempt to escape and find a normal life.

  • Recommended for ages 11+

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury

Guy Montag is a firefighter, and is one of several who have been tasked with collecting and burning books. Fearing citizens will become too knowledgeable, the government bans all books and requires that they all be burned. Guy begins to see through their plan and starts to question his role in the destruction of books. This story is set in a futuristic America and explores topics like censorship, conformity, and the problems that can come from a society that heavily relies on media. 


  • Recommended for ages 15+

The Maze Runner by James Dashner

In the first book of the series, The Maze Runner follows Thomas, a teenager who finds himself in a tricky spot. Thomas wakes up trapped in a giant maze, with no memory of how he got there. He and several other teens must find their way out of this maze. But it’s no ordinary maze– it’s constantly changing, is filled with dangerous creatures called Grievers, and is constantly monitored by a shady group called WICKED. Thomas and the others must find a way to survive, escape, and uncover the truth about the powers that be.

  • Recommended for ages 12+

I know I didn’t cover all of the popular dystopian books out there; I’d be writing for days if I did that! There are so many good dystopian books available for teens (and adults), and there’s no way I could possibly even begin to highlight all of them. Dystopian novels are fun to read and offer many opportunities for deep thinking and reflection, often bringing up issues that our own societies face today. If you’ve got a student or two looking for a new book to read, have them give one of these a try– they just may find a new genre or book they love!

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How They Croaked– A Totally Fascinating Read

It’s often tricky to find books that will capture the interest of reluctant readers. It’s a fine balance between providing a challenge, but not too much of a challenge: you want to find a book that isn’t so far below grade level that they get bored quickly, and you definitely don’t want to find a book that is so far off from their current reading level that they get frustrated and end up giving up all together. 

Thankfully, there are authors that just understand this, who write books that are engaging, just challenging enough, and will capture and hold the attention of their readers. One of those authors is Georgia Bragg— she has a knack for writing books that are so much fun! One book of hers in particular, is at the top of my “Books for Reluctant Readers” list: How They Croaked: The Awful Ends of the Awfully Famous. 

In this book, Bragg details the awful demises of nineteen historically famous people like Cleopatra, George Washington, Marie Curie, and Edgar Allen Poe, among others. Each chapter focuses on one individual, and recounts a little about their life and what they are famous for, then describes their ultimate fate. Sometimes a little gruesome, always historically accurate, and always fascinating, each chapter is educational and engaging. Chapters are short— usually about 2-5 pages, and the book overall is a very quick read (I sat down and read it in its entirety in just a couple of hours). It’s a great option for kids between ages 9-13, but would honestly be a great read for ages 14+ as well. 

While I never had the chance to teach this book to my students, I did recommend it several times. If I had had the chance, I would have taught it to my 8th grade classes. Not only does it provide readers with interesting facts, it lends itself to excellent teaching opportunities. Below are a few ideas for teaching it with a whole class:

  • Split your class up into partnerships and assign a chapter to each group. Have them read their assigned chapter then create a slideshow or other sort of presentation to teach the rest of the class about their famous person and their demise. 
  • Read the entire book as a whole class, focusing on a chapter or two every day.
    • With each chapter, display pictures of the person it’s about. 
    • Some of the chapters discuss different medical technologies, practices, methods, etc. that are different than we have today. Take time to educate students about these different medical practices.
    • After you have finished reading the whole book, assign students to pick a famous person who is NOT in the book and create their own chapter about their person, including illustrations or pictures.
    • Make a timeline showing the birth and death dates of all nineteen people from the book.
  • For sake of time, choose your top ten favorite chapters and only teach those ones to the whole class. Have students choose four more chapters to read independently. 
  • As you read the book, have students fill out the “All You Need to Know” worksheet provided below.

Not only is this book a great non-fiction read, it also provides super cross-curricular instruction, as it contains both historical and scientific elements, and allows for a plethora of learning opportunities. 

Give it a go with your classes; I bet they’ll love it. And if you don’t have junior high aged classes or kids, read it yourself and enjoy!

If you enjoyed Croaked, you might also like How They Choked also by Georgia Bragg. In it, Bragg details how famous people royally messed up. It’s equally as engaging and educational as Croaked.

** Free printable is for classroom or personal use only. It is not intended for resale in any way. **

How They Croaked WSDownload
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Make it Make Sense!

A few nights ago, I was sitting with my son while he read out loud to me. He is in first grade, so he is still trying to figure out words, sounds, and rules of the English language. He really is a great reader, and he’s catching on quickly, but with so many rules and exceptions to those rules, he’s had some frustrating moments. 

On this night in particular, he was reading a sentence that had the word ‘clean’ in it. His initial pronunciation was something along the lines of “clihaahn”. When he couldn’t figure it out on his own, I stepped in to help him. I told him how to correctly pronounce the word, then explained that when there is an ‘e’ and an ‘a’ next to each other, it will make an ‘eee’ sound. … and then we got to the next page, where there was the word ‘great’ waiting for us, and the little lesson I’d just given him was no longer valid for this new word. Imagine his confusion when I had to explain that sometimes the ‘e’ and the ‘a’ make a different sound together. 

Take, for instance, the following words: clean, great, heart, early, and head. All contain the ‘ea’ digraph… and none of them sound the same! Or take into consideration through, though, tough, cough, and bough. Again, same letter combination, but all pronounced differently. Make it make sense!! 

Not only do we have digraphs that make different sounds, we also have homophones— words that sound the same, but are spelled differently and have different meanings! Sheesh! As if it wasn’t complicated enough already. Trying to keep it all straight is enough to drive a grown person crazy. Thinking about this is flashing me back to my teaching days when the core curriculum required me to teach a certain set of homophones to each grade level. Let me tell you: teaching seventh graders to understand the difference between capitol and capital, principle and principal, there, they’re, and their, and allowed and aloud was quite the task! I found myself coming up with all sorts of creative ways to help them remember the difference between words. 

As someone who has been speaking and reading the English language for a while now, I feel like I have a pretty good grasp on how to pronounce most words. My brain has been programmed and wired to be able to read a word, determine which sound(s) the letter combinations will make, and pronounce the word, all in a matter of fractions of a second. It’s really quite remarkable that our brains can do what they do! Honestly, it’s so automatic that I really don’t even think about the process of figuring out how to pronounce a word anymore. That is, until I’m sitting with my kids while they read, and then I am reminded of just how complex our language is. 

I’m reminded that I, too, was once in the position of not knowing which ‘ea’ words made a long ‘e’ sound, which made a long ‘a’ sound, and which made a ‘eh’ sound. I once struggled to make sense of the letters and words on the pages in front of me, too, and that’s okay. It’s in the struggle of learning that we make sense of things and train our minds to remember the rules and parameters of our language. 

Every time I’m in a position of helping someone learn how to read, I am reminded just how tricky it can be. These reminders have prompted me to be a little more patient and kind. So when I want to loudly exclaim, “Gahhh! Don’t you know that read and great don’t sound the same and don’t rhyme, but phony and bologna do?!”, I tell myself that learning this language is hard, and it’s going to take practice and time for new learners to figure it all out. It’s a slow process, but one that is undeniably worth every single bit of effort, time, and mistake along the way, for teaching someone to read is setting them up for a lifetime of success.

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Homework Isn’t Just Worksheets

We can all agree that there are pros and cons to giving kids homework, and that it really should only be given if it’s meaningful. Reading, for example, is homework I’m never mad about. Building reading skills is crucial for life long success, and the more kids do it, the better they will be at it. Sending home a coloring page, however, doesn’t seem as meaningful to me. Fun? Sure. But a good use of precious after-school time? Not so much. 

I saw a social media post the other day that got me thinking about things that aren’t assigned as homework, but maybe should be. Skills that are important for every day life, people skills, and problem solving skills. Grading them would be subjective, and participation and effort would matter more than the outcome, but what is learned/gained would set kids up for long term success beyond the walls of the classroom. 

How would something like this be assigned and evaluated? I suppose it depends on the skill being practiced. Perhaps teachers can create a “menu” of possible skills for students to choose from. Maybe some teachers would want to assign everyone in the class the same task to work on. Some might even want to create “task groups” where small groups of students are all given a certain task and can help each other and cheer each other on. Evaluation might look like parents signing a log, pictures, written reflection, or some other tangible or observable result of the student’s practice. 

What kinds of things would be assigned? I think this depends on your students’ needs and situations. Obviously, a high school teacher is going to assign some things that are geared more toward older kids, such as learning to balance a bank account, whereas a kindergarten teacher might assign something like learning to tie shoes. 

Here’s a few ideas to get you started:

  • Learning to balance a bank account
  • Learning to make a phone call and set an appointment or order food— not everything has to be done through an app
  • Going to the store to make a purchase— selecting your items, conversing with a cashier, and sticking to a budget are great skills
  • Cooking a simple meal (with adult supervision)
  • Spending time outside— fresh air does wonders for both the body and mind
  • Doing a puzzle or playing a board game with at least one other person— teamwork, cooperation, and good sportsmanship are essential
  • Sitting down to eat a meal as a family— a great chance to have good conversations
  • Helping with household chores— those skills are needed!
  • Helping people
  • Learning how to write a letter, address an envelope, and send it in the mail
  • Go to the library, get a library card, and check out some books
  • Free play— giving kids unstructured play time is SO important for their imaginations
  • If possible, learning how to maintain a yard
  • Learning how to give and receive compliments
  • When it’s an appropriate age, learning to ask someone out on a date, face-to-face
  • Finding a good sleep routine
  • Screen-free time— it’s good for so many reasons
  • Spending time at a retirement or assisted living facility— the older generation can teach us so much
  • Meditation 

Some might argue that parents should be incorporating these skills into their family’s routines and lives, but not all family situations allow for things like this, and unfortunately, not all parents are supportive and involved in their children’s lives. 

And yes, teachers already do so much, using their days to teach core subjects. But I don’t know of a single teacher that wouldn’t mind devoting at least a little bit of time to helping their students build skills that will set them up for life long success. 

Regardless of where you stand regarding these things being assigned as homework, I’m sure we can all agree that the rising generation needs support, guidance, and encouragement as they navigate life and learn essential skills. 

What else would you add to the list above?